Effects of Ethanol (E85) versus Gasoline Vehicles on Cancer and Mortality in the United States

Effects of Ethanol (E85) versus Gasoline Vehicles on Cancer and Mortality in the United States (PDF; 679 KB)
Source: Environmental Science & Technology (via Stanford University)

In sum, due to its similar cancer risk but enhanced ozone health risk in the base emission case, a future fleet of E85 may cause a greater health risk than gasoline. However, because of the uncertainty in future emission regulations, E85 can only be concluded with confidence to cause at least as much damage as future gasoline vehicles. Because both gasoline and E85 emission controls are likely to improve, it is unclear whether one could provide significantly more emission reduction than the other. In the case of E85, unburned ethanol emissions may provide a regional and global source of acetaldehyde larger than that of direct emissions.

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